The Henry Project: The Ancestors of King Henry II of England
Marquis of Flanders, 1035-1067.
During the reign of Baldwin IV, Baldwin rebelled against hisfather, temporarily driving him out of Flanders, but they werelater reconciled through the influence of duke Robert ofNormandy, and peace was made at Audenarde in 1030 [GNDvi, 6 (vol. 2, pp. 52-5); Interpolation to the chronicle ofSigebert of Gembloux, s.a. 1030, Sigeb. auctariumAffligemense, MGH SS 6: 399]. Baldwin V succeeded hisfather Baldwin IV in 1035, and he was succeeded by his sonBaldwin VI in 1067. His other son, Robert the Frisian, alsobecame count of Flanders, after defeating and killing his nephewArnulf III in battle in 1071.
Date of Birth: Probably ca. 1012 or before.
Since Baldwin's rebellion against his father appears to haveoccurred shortly before 1030, a birthdate after ca. 1012 isunlikely.
Place of Birth: Unknown.
Date of Death: 1 September 1067.
Place ofDeath: (Buried at Lille)
["Obiit Baldwinus potentissimus marchisus." Ann.Bland., s.a. 1067, Grierson (1937), 28 (same entryerroneously under 1069, Ann. Formos., ibid., 127);"Obiit Baldwinus potentissimus marchisus, qui Insulesepultus est." Ann. Elmarenses, s.a. 1067, 93;"Obiit Balduinus comes kal. Septembris; Insulaesepelitur." (the last two words in a different hand ofthe twelfth century), Ann. Elnonenses, s.a. 1067,Grierson (1937), 158]. Grierson cites the obituary ofSaint-Pierre de Lille as confirming the date of 1 September[Grierson (1937), 158, n. 5].
Father:Baldwin IV, d. 29 or 30 May 1035, marquis of Flanders,987×8-1035.
Mother:Otgiva of Luxemburg, d. 21 February 1030.
["Balduinus Barbatus duxit filiamGisleberti comitis Odgivam, ex qua suscepit Balduinum Insulanum,..." Genealogia comitum Flandriae Bertiniana,MGH SS 9: 306] See the page of Baldwin IV for furtherdetails.
Spouse:m. 1028, Adèle, d. 1079, daughter of Robert II, king of France.
["Cuius filius prefatus Robertus, sciens BalduinumBarbatum Flandrensium comitem tunc temporis magne esse potentie,filiam Adelam adhuc puellulam filio eius adolescentulo BalduinoInsulano desponsavit patrique eius nutriendam tradidit."Historiae Tornacensis, ii, 9, MGH SS 14: 336; "...ex qua suscepit Balduinum Insulanum, qui duxit filiam Rodbertiregis Francorum Adelam." Genealogia comitumFlandriae Bertiniana, MGH SS 9: 306; "Tempore subeodem Balduinus, satrapa Flandrensis, sobolem suam cupiensinnormare prosapia regali, Robertum, Francorum regem, expetiitfiliam eius poscens filio suo Balduino dari. Quam adeptam apalatinis ferens tricliniis ad domum propriam in cunisasportauit, annos usque ad nubiles eam nutriens cura diligenti."GND vi, 6 (vol. 2, pp. 52-3)]. There does not seem to be any goodreason to identify her with Adèle, wife of Richard III ofNormandy, as has often been done.
Children:
Three well known children of Baldwin V aredocumented by numerous sources ["Balduinus Insulanusgenuit Balduinum Hasnoniensum, et Rodbertum cognomentoIherosolimitanum, et Matildem uxorem Guillelmi regis Anglorum."Genealogia comitum Flandriae Bertiniana, MGH SS 9: 306(Here, Robert the Frisian is erroneously given the nickname ofhis son Robert II); "Balduinus Pius comesFlandrie duxit Adelam, filiam Roberti regis Francie, ex quasuscepit Balduinum Montensum et Robertum Frisonem et Mantildamfiliam, que nupsit Wilhelmo comiti Normannie, qui Angliamacquisivit;" De genere comitum Flandrensium notaeParisienses, MGH SS 13: 257].
Baldwin VI, d. 17 July 1070 ["Obiit Baldwinus marchisus, quiHasnonii sepultus est." Ann. Bland., s.a.1070, 28; "Obiit Balduinus comes iunior XVI kal.Augusti; Hasnonie defertur tumulandus." Ann.Elnonenses, s.a. 1070, 159], count/marquis of Flanders, 1067-1070; count ofHainaut; m. Richilde, countess of Hainaut, widow of Hermann, count of Hainaut["Balduinus ex Richelde vidua Herimanni comitisMontensis duos suscepit filios, Arnulfum et Balduinum."Genealogia comitum Flandriae Bertiniana, MGH SS 9: 306].
Matilda, d. 2 November 1083, m. William I "the Conqueror", d. 9 September 1087, duke ofNormandy, 1035-1087; king of England, 1066-1087.
Robert "the Frisian", d. 12or 13 October 1093 ["Eodemque annoIII id. Octobris obiit Rodbertus, primus huius nominis Flandriæmarchysus." Ann. Bland., s.a. 1093, 31; "EtRotbertus comes Casletensis moritur IV id. Octobris." Ann.Formos., s.a. 1093; see Grierson (1937), 31, n. 2], count/marquis of Flanders, 1071-1093, m. Gertrude, widow of Floris I, count of Holland,and daughter of Bernhard II, duke of Saxony["Horum patruus Robertus duxit filiam Bernardi Saxonumcomitis Gertrudem, viduam Florentii comitis Fresonum, et cum eaeius tenuit regnum." Genealogia comitum FlandriaeBertiniana, MGH SS 9: 306].
See the Commentary section for supposed additionalchildren.
Commentary
In addition to the three well documented children of BaldwinV, there are several other supposed children attributed to him byOrderic Vitalis and Aubri de Trois Fontaines (also by the Foignygenealogy, a source closely related to Aubri) ["Balduinus enim gener Rodberti regis Francorumfortissimus Flandrensium satrapa fuit, et ex Hadala coniuge suafilios ac filias plures multimoda indole pollentes habuit.Rodbertus Fresio, Arnulfus, Balduinus, Udo Treuerumarchiepiscopus et Henricus Clericus, et Mathilda regina, atqueIudith uxor Tostici comitis soboles Balduini et Hadalæ sunt."OV Book 4, c. 14 (2: 280-1), and similarly in Book 7, chapter 2;"Soror autem eiusdem regis Henrici Adela predictoBalduino Insulano peperit Balduinum huius nominis sextum,Robertum cognomento Fresonum, Philippum patrem Guilelmi de Ypraet filias duas, Iudith, quam duxit Tostinus comes Nortdanimbrorumin Anglia, et Mathildem predictam Normannorum ducissam."Aubri de Trois Fontaines, Chronica, MGH SS 23, 792;"Supradicta Ala comitissa Flandrensis, soror Henriciregis, peperit Balduinum comitem Flandrie et Philippum, patremGuilelmi de Ipra, et filias." GenealogiaeFusniacenses, c. 4, MGH SS 13: 252]. Of these, theonly one who cannot be directly ruled out is Henry "theclerk", who, if he existed at all, is otherwise unknown.Modern authorities have usually avoided the mistake of includingthese individuals among the children of Baldwin V.
Supposed child (existenceuncertain):
Henry "the clerk"[Orderic]
Listed by Orderic Vitalis among the sons of Baldwin V, he isotherwise unknown. Vanderkindere [1: 299] dismisses Henry withthe remark that the name is unknown in the family of Baldwin, butthis overlooks the fact that Baldwin's wife had a brother namedHenry, making this a plauble name for a child of Baldwin V.However, the other mistakes made by Orderic on the children ofBaldwin V make it difficult to accept this son in the absence offurther testimony.
Falsely attributedchildren:
Judith, d. 1094, m. (1) Tostig, earl ofNorthumbria; m. (2) Welf, duke of Bavaria.[Orderic, Aubri]
In fact a half-sister of BaldwinV, and daughter of Baldwin IV by a later marriage, butincorrectly called a daughter of Baldwin V by a number ofsources. See the page on Judith for adetailed discussion.
Arnulf, "consul" of Flanders.[Orderic]
The fact that Orderic calls him "consul" indicates thatthis son is an error, and not just another unknown son of BaldwinV. He is undoubtedly an error for youthful count Arnulf III, sonof Baldwin VI and grandson of Baldwin V.
Udo, d. 1078 [AnnalesNecrologici Prumienses, MGH SS 13: 222],archbishop of Treves. [Orderic]
He was in fact a son of count Eberhard andhis wife Ida ["Hic [Uoto] ex Alamannorum prosapiaoriundus, patre Everhardo comite, matre Ita, ..." GestaTreverorum, MGH SS 8: 183 (also n. 80, which identifiesEberhard as count of Nellenburg)]. The reason for Orderic'smistake is unclear.
Philippe, fatherof Guillaume d'Ypres. [Aubri, Genealogiae Fusniacenses]
Philippe was in fact a younger son of Robert the Frisian, andthus grandson of Baldwin V ["119. De Willelmo de Ypre:Willelmus de Lo, ex concubina filius Philippi, fratris Robertiiunioris ..." Simon, Gesta abbatum S. BertiniSithiensium ii, 119, MGH SS 13: 658; "... Willelmusde Ypra, filius Philippi, fratris R[oberti] comitis ..."Gesta abbatum S. Bertini Sithiensium (continuation), c.5, MGH SS 13: 665].
Bibliography
Ann. Bland. = AnnalesBlandinenses, Grierson (1937), 1-73.
Ann. Elmarenses = AnnalesElmarenses, Grierson (1937), 74-115.
Ann. Elnonenses = AnnalesElnonenses, Grierson (1937), 132-175.
Ann. Formos. = AnnalesFormoselenses, Grierson (1937), 116-131.
GND = Guillaume de Jumièges, GestaNormannorum Ducum, as edited in Elisabeth van Houts, ed.& trans., The Gesta Normannorum Ducum of William ofJumièges, Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni, 2 vols.,(Oxford, 1992). Citation is by book and chapter of Guillaume'swork, with the volume and page number of the edition by van Houtsin parentheses.
Grierson (1937) = PhilipGrierson, ed., Les Annales de Saint-Pierre de Gand et deSaint-Amand (Brussels, 1937). [AnnalesBlandinenses, Annales Elmarenses, AnnalesFormoselenses, Annales Elnonenses]
MGH SS = Monumenta Germaniae Historica,Scriptores series.
OV = Marjorie Chibnall, ed. & trans., TheEcclesiastical History of Orderic Vitalis, 6 vols. (Oxford,1969-80).
Vanderkindere (1902) = LéonVanderkindere, La Formation Territoriale des PrincipautesBelge au Moyen Age (2 vols., 2nd ed., Brussels, 1902,reprinted 1981).
Compiled by Stewart Baldwin
Originally uploaded 12 October 2006.
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